Typical roof garden sections

Below 2 typical roof garden sections. These are only to give an idea. Of course the designs change depending on the needs in the project.

The upper with conventional design. For drainage 2 nonwoven geotextile (filter fabric) layer and gravel in between were used on top of the waterproofing layer. (mineral drainage layer) Heavy and cost more to take the gravel to the roof. Bigger load on the concrete.

The below is with a geocomposite drainage layer, lightweight and easy to use. The drainage layer is only between 0.5- 1 kg depending on the material. ıt is factory made and tested material. The access water from the vegetation and soil comes to drainage layer and carried to channels.

Advantages of using uniaxial geogrids in reinforced soil retaining walls

Advantages of using uniaxial geogrids in reinforced soil retaining walls, can be listed as follows:

• Fast construction in all weather conditions
• No mortar, dry built
• Optimal utilization of land
• Free design support (almost all the companies supply)
• Aesthetics: impressive & stylish designs
• Versatility & flexibility
• Cost efficiency
• Durability, resistance to environmental influences
• Accredited by independent testing laboratories
• Minimal maintenance

How does erosion control mat function?

Geosynthetic erosion control mats help nature to establish a natural, vegetation cover, as it :

• acts as an artificial root-system
• holds soil particles and seeds
• reduces water and wind velocities
• creates a micro-climate and favours germination of seeds and growth
• reinforces the vegetation cover in the root-zone

Principle installation of PVD

Principle installation of Prefabricated Vertical drains

• Specialized rig
• Mandrill supported inside a leader held by crane or hydraulic excavator
• Mandrill pushed into soil by chains/cables driven by hydraulic engines.
• PVD installed inside a mandrill
• Rhombic mandrill less disturbance (Often rectangular mandrill)

Layers of a landfill

From bottom to top layers:

• Waste
• Leveling layer : Levels the top of the waste dump. Forms a foundation layer for the capping construction.
• Gas conducting layer : Ensures controlled removal of the gas rising to the surface of the dump.
• Impermeable seal : Stops the escape of gas and prevents the influx of (rain) water.
• Drainage layer : Removes excess (rain) water.
• Vegetation layer : Permits formation of an environmentally acceptable surface structure and protects the liner.

You may also like below posts:

-Capping system for waste areas

-Waste disposal area

Reasons for drainage

Reduce and eliminate hydraulic pressure against structures:

• increase stability of geotechnical structure in case of a retaining wall
• reduce the weight on the structure in case of flat roofs
• increase stability of cover layer in case of capping of a landfill
• accelerate consolidation of soils in case of Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD’s)
  

Prevent leakage through a subsoil wall

• cellar walls
• underground structures